A fine of 100 paṇas shall be imposed in the following circumstances:
- When a person misappropriates the revenue he collects as the agent of a household
- When a person violates by force the chastity of a widow living independently
- When an outcaste person touches an Ārya woman
- When a person does not run to render help to another in danger, or runs without a cause (i.e. negligence)
- When a person entertains, in dinner dedicated to gods or ancestors, any Buddhists, Ājīvakas, Sudras or exiled persons.
—Kautilya, in the Arthaśāstra, 3.20:16
